A pollen atlas for 55 species of flowers frequently visited by Apis cerana has been prepared.
Photomicrographs of 55 species (Table 19 ) of the pollen of Malaysian bee plants that provide both nectar and/or pollen for Apis cerana were prepared and will form the basis for the pollen atlas that is planned for publication in the coming year.
Table 19. List of species in the Pollen Atlas
Acanthaceae | Asystasia intrusa |
Amaranthaceae | Ainaranthus blitum |
A. spinosus | |
Anacardiaceae | Anacardium occidentale |
Bignoniaceae | Jacaranda filicifolia |
Bombacaceae | Ceiba pentandra |
Durio zibenthinus | |
Capparidaceae | Cleome rutidosperma |
Casuarinaceae | Casuarina equisetifolia |
Commelinaceae | Setcreasea purpurea |
Compositae | Eupatorium odoratum |
Pluchea indica | |
Solidago virgaurea | |
Wedelia biflora | |
Convolvulaceae | Ipomea pes caprae |
Cyperaceace | Cyperus aromaticus |
C. kyllingia | |
Euphorbiaceae | Antidesma sp. |
Hevea brasiliensis | |
Manihot glaziovii | |
Gramineae | Ischaemum muticum |
Sporobolus indicus | |
Oryza sativa | |
Zea mays | |
Leguminosea | Acacia auriculiformis |
A. binerva | |
Calliandra surinamensis | |
Delonix regia | |
Leucaena leucocephala | |
Mimosa invisa | |
Mimosa pudica | |
Peltophorum pterocarpum | |
Sesbania grandiflora | |
Lauraceae | Cinnamomum verum |
Lythraceae | Sonneratia alba |
Loganiaceae | Fagraea fragrans |
Musaceae | Musa cv. |
Myrtaceae | Malaleuca leucadendron |
Psidium guajava | |
Oxalidaceae | Averrhoa bilimbi |
A. carambola | |
Palmae | Cocos nucifera |
Elaeis guineesis | |
Metroxylon sagus | |
Veitchia merrillii | |
Rubiaceae | Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea |
Coffea robusta | |
Rhizophoraccae | Bruguiera eriopetala |
B. gymnorhiza | |
Ceriops candollaeana | |
Sapindaceae | Nephelium lappaceum |
Sapotaceae | Mimusops clengi |
Sterculiaceae | Theobroma cacao |
Tiliaceae | Muntingia calabura |
Urticaceae | Artocarpus heterophyllus |
Verbenaceae | Avicennia alba |
Cleodendron inerme |
The male flowers of Elaeis guineensis (African oil palm) are visited by bees for their pollen but the female flowers are not. Furthermore, oil palm trees are wind-pollinated and neither of the flowers produces nectar (Agwu, 1985). Elaeis guineensis therefore serves the bees as a major source of pollen meal (but not of nectar).
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